{"id":932,"date":"2022-05-12T07:05:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-12T05:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/prep\/?p=932"},"modified":"2023-01-02T14:11:01","modified_gmt":"2023-01-02T13:11:01","slug":"etl-extract-transform-load","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/","title":{"rendered":"ETL ou Extract Transform and Load"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>D\u00e9finition du processus ETL pour Extract, Transform and Load utilis\u00e9 dans les projets d\u00e9cisionnels.<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En informatique, ETL signifie Extract Transform and Load, en Fran\u00e7ais Extraire Transformer et Charger (ETC). C&rsquo;est un ensemble de processus pour le chargement des bases de donn\u00e9es d\u00e9cisionnelles, aussi appel\u00e9es entrep\u00f4ts de donn\u00e9es. Le but est de pr\u00e9parer et transformer les donn\u00e9es pour leur analyse. Les donn\u00e9es sont souvent stock\u00e9es en fin de cycle dans des bases de donn\u00e9es multidimensionnelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#1-le-processus-etl-ou-extract-transform-and-load\" >1. Le processus ETL ou Extract Transform and Load<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#2-lextraction-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\" >2. L\u2019extraction des donn\u00e9es dans le processus ETL<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#21-des-sources-et-des-formats-de-donnees-heterogenes\" >2.1 Des sources et des formats de donn\u00e9es h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#22-une-copie-conforme-des-donnees-sources\" >2.2 Une copie conforme des donn\u00e9es sources<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#3-la-deuxieme-etape-est-la-transformation-des-donnees\" >3. La deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape est la transformation des donn\u00e9es<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#31-le-but-de-letl-est-dappliquer-des-regles-de-gestion\" >3.1 Le but de l&rsquo;ETL est d&rsquo;appliquer des r\u00e8gles de gestion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#32-la-gestion-des-erreurs-et-des-reprises-de-chargement\" >3.2 La gestion des erreurs et des reprises de chargement<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#4-le-chargement-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\" >4. Le chargement des donn\u00e9es dans le processus ETL<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#41-des-methodes-pour-gerer-lhistorique-et-les-changements\" >4.1 Des m\u00e9thodes pour g\u00e9rer l&rsquo;historique et les changements<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#42-la-qualite-des-donnees-et-la-gestion-du-referentiel-sont-clefs\" >4.2 La qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es et la gestion du r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel sont clefs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-le-processus-etl-ou-extract-transform-and-load\"><\/span>1. Le processus ETL ou Extract Transform and Load<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces processus consistent \u00e0 extraire des donn\u00e9es provenant de sources ext\u00e9rieures et diverses. Les syst\u00e8mes transactionnels produisent ces donn\u00e9es dans des bases de donn\u00e9es relationnelles. Les transformer pour r\u00e9pondre aux besoins en Reporting op\u00e9rationnels ou d\u00e9cisionnels. Ensuite, les charger dans l&rsquo;entrep\u00f4t de donn\u00e9es, ou plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment dans un magasin de donn\u00e9es. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-l-extraction-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-lextraction-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\"><\/span>2. L\u2019extraction des donn\u00e9es dans le processus ETL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La premi\u00e8re partie du processus ETL consiste \u00e0 extraire les donn\u00e9es des syst\u00e8mes sources. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;aspect le plus technique de l&rsquo;ETL, par ce qu&rsquo;il faut \u00e9tablir des connexions vers des syst\u00e8mes tier. Et exporter des volumes parfois importants de donn\u00e9es sous forme de fichiers textes par exemple.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21-des-sources-et-des-formats-de-donnees-heterogenes\"><\/span>2.1 Des sources et des formats de donn\u00e9es h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les formats de donn\u00e9es communs sont les sources de donn\u00e9es relationnelles et des fichiers plats. Mais peuvent inclure des structures de bases de donn\u00e9es non relationnelles telles que le syst\u00e8me de gestion de l&rsquo;information (SGI). Ou encore d&rsquo;autres structures comme la m\u00e9thode Virtual Storage Access Mode (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virtual_Storage_Access_Method\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">VSAM<\/a>) ou Indexed Sequential Access Method (<strong>ISAM<\/strong>). Elles incluent aussi toute sorte de donn\u00e9es : Web, XML, Excel, API, fichiers plats avec format propri\u00e9taire comme l&rsquo;AS400, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La plupart des projets <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/concepts\/entrepot-de-donnees-ou-data-warehouse\/\">Data Warehouse<\/a><\/strong>  consistent \u00e0 consolider les donn\u00e9es provenant de syst\u00e8mes sources h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes, donc diff\u00e9rents. Chaque syst\u00e8me peut \u00e9galement utiliser une organisation diff\u00e9rente des donn\u00e9es. Comme les r\u00e8gles de nommages, le format des donn\u00e9es et surtout les r\u00e8gles de gestion du m\u00e9tier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22-une-copie-conforme-des-donnees-sources\"><\/span>2.2 Une copie conforme des donn\u00e9es sources<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, l&rsquo;objectif de la phase d&rsquo;extraction consiste \u00e0 convertir les donn\u00e9es dans un format unique. Format appropri\u00e9 pour un traitement de transformation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce format de stockage est tr\u00e8s similaire \u00e0 la source, on parle de \u00ab\u00a01 pour 1\u00a0\u00bb. C&rsquo;est \u00e0 dire que l&rsquo;on souhaite conserver une image des donn\u00e9es sources telles qu&rsquo;elles arrivent. On y applique souvent un syst\u00e8me intelligent d&rsquo;historisation et de journalisation pour conna\u00eetre les donn\u00e9es charg\u00e9es et quand. Il permet de reprendre des chargements et de g\u00e9rer les erreurs de transfert de donn\u00e9es depuis les syst\u00e8mes sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-la-deuxieme-etape-est-la-transformation-des-donnees\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-la-deuxieme-etape-est-la-transformation-des-donnees\"><\/span>3. La deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape est la transformation des donn\u00e9es<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9tape de transformation applique une s\u00e9rie de r\u00e8gles appel\u00e9es r\u00e8gles de gestion. Pour certaines sources de donn\u00e9es, il faudra une manipulation tr\u00e8s l\u00e9g\u00e8re, voire aucune, sur les donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31-le-but-de-letl-est-dappliquer-des-regles-de-gestion\"><\/span>3.1 Le but de l&rsquo;ETL est d&rsquo;appliquer des r\u00e8gles de gestion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans d&rsquo;autres cas, un ou plusieurs des types de transformation suivants peuvent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires pour r\u00e9pondre aux besoins technico-commerciaux et de la base de donn\u00e9es cible:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u00e9lectionner uniquement certaines colonnes \u00e0 charger.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Traduire les valeurs cod\u00e9es, par exemple A2017 pour ann\u00e9e 2017 deviendra 2017 ou vice-versa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Joindre les donn\u00e9es provenant de sources multiples, par exemple rattacher le nom du client au num\u00e9ro de sa carte fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 qui sont dans 2 tables diff\u00e9rentes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L&rsquo;agr\u00e9gation, avec un cumul du total des ventes pour chaque magasin par exemple.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transposition ou pivot, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 dire basculer plusieurs colonnes en plusieurs lignes ou vice versa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fractionnement d&rsquo;une colonne en plusieurs colonnes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La suppression des donn\u00e9es redondantes, par exemple quand l&rsquo;adresse du client est stock\u00e9e sur toutes les lignes des ventes. Dans la table \u00ab\u00a0Ventes\u00a0\u00bb, alors on conservera le num\u00e9ro de client uniquement. L&rsquo;adresse du client sera stock\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re unique dans la table \u00ab\u00a0Clients\u00a0\u00bb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rechercher et valider les donn\u00e9es pertinentes \u00e0 partir des tables ou des fichiers r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels pour les dimensions \u00e0 variation lente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L&rsquo;application de toute forme de validation de donn\u00e9es simple ou complexe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32-la-gestion-des-erreurs-et-des-reprises-de-chargement\"><\/span>3.2 La gestion des erreurs et des reprises de chargement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Si la validation \u00e9choue, cela peut entra\u00eener un rejet complet ou partiel des donn\u00e9es. Et donc aucune, certaines ou toutes les donn\u00e9es seront int\u00e9gr\u00e9es au prochain chargement. Plusieurs m\u00e9thodes de conception de l\u2019entrep\u00f4t de donn\u00e9es existent, qui impactent les r\u00e8gles de gestion pour les exceptions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La plupart des transformations ci-dessus peuvent entra\u00eener des exceptions, par exemple, quand une traduction des codes analyse un code inconnu dans les donn\u00e9es extraites. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Id\u00e9alement, les erreurs sont remont\u00e9es et corrig\u00e9es dans les syst\u00e8mes op\u00e9rationnels sources, en accord avec les \u00e9quipes MDM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-tutoriels-sql-et-it wp-block-embed-tutoriels-sql-et-it\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"DNHav4EOtI\"><a href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/sgbd-systeme-gestion-de-base-de-donnees\/\">SGBD ou Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Base de Donn\u00e9es<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0SGBD ou Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Base de Donn\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb &#8212; Tutoriels SQL et IT\" src=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/sgbd-systeme-gestion-de-base-de-donnees\/embed\/#?secret=o6WFRRx1zQ#?secret=DNHav4EOtI\" data-secret=\"DNHav4EOtI\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-le-chargement-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-le-chargement-des-donnees-dans-le-processus-etl\"><\/span>4. Le chargement des donn\u00e9es dans le processus ETL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La phase de chargement constitue la derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape, elle int\u00e8gre les donn\u00e9es dans l&rsquo;entrep\u00f4t de donn\u00e9es (DWH pour Data Warehouse). Selon les exigences de l&rsquo;organisation, ce processus est tr\u00e8s variable. Certains entrep\u00f4ts de donn\u00e9es peuvent remplacer les informations existantes avec des informations donn\u00e9es cumulatives. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement extraites et mises \u00e0 jour sur une base quotidienne, hebdomadaire ou mensuelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019autres types de DW (ou m\u00eame d&rsquo;autres parties du m\u00eame DW) ajoutent des donn\u00e9es sous forme historis\u00e9e, par exemple, toutes les heures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41-des-methodes-pour-gerer-lhistorique-et-les-changements\"><\/span>4.1 Des m\u00e9thodes pour g\u00e9rer l&rsquo;historique et les changements<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour le comprendre, consid\u00e9rons un entrep\u00f4t de donn\u00e9es qui stocke les donn\u00e9es de ventes de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re. Ensuite, le syst\u00e8me ETL, Extract Transform and Load \u00e9crase les donn\u00e9es qui ont plus d&rsquo;un an avec des donn\u00e9es plus r\u00e9centes. L&rsquo;historisation ou non et la gestion des nouvelles lignes, montants \u00e9cras\u00e9s ou additionn\u00e9s, d\u00e9pend des exigences m\u00e9tiers de l&rsquo;organisation.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les contraintes du sch\u00e9ma de la base de donn\u00e9es contribuent \u00e0 la performance et \u00e0 la qualit\u00e9 globale des donn\u00e9es et du processus ETL. Ce sont par exemple, l&rsquo;unicit\u00e9, l&rsquo;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 r\u00e9f\u00e9rentielle et les champs de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es, n\u00e9cessaires pour une description des donn\u00e9es. On parle alors de Framework ETL (Extract Transform and Load).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42-la-qualite-des-donnees-et-la-gestion-du-referentiel-sont-clefs\"><\/span>4.2 La qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es et la gestion du r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel sont clefs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, une institution financi\u00e8re pourrait avoir des informations sur un client dans plusieurs d\u00e9partements. Chaque d\u00e9partement peut disposer d&rsquo;informations que le client a \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9es d&rsquo;une mani\u00e8re diff\u00e9rente. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le d\u00e9partement relation client liste le client par son nom, alors que le service comptabilit\u00e9 \u00e9tablit une liste par num\u00e9ro de client. Un ETL permet de regrouper toutes ces donn\u00e9es et les regrouper en une pr\u00e9sentation uniforme, dans un entrep\u00f4t de donn\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C&rsquo;est le domaine de <strong>la qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es<\/strong> ou <strong>Master Data Management<\/strong> (MDM) qui traite sp\u00e9cifiquement ces probl\u00e9matiques dans un cycle d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Liste, non exhaustive, des outils ETL connus: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/integration-services\/sql-server-integration-services?view=sql-server-ver16\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Microsoft SSIS<\/a> disponible avec SQL Server et avec Azure Data Factory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talend.com\/products\/integrate-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Talend Data Integration<\/a> (Open Source)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.informatica.com\/products\/cloud-data-integration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Informatica<\/a> Cloud Data Integration pour Cloud ETL et ELT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-tutoriels-sql-et-it wp-block-embed-tutoriels-sql-et-it\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"93KVIpxjcn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/tables-de-dimension-en-informatique\/\">Les tables de dimension en informatique d\u00e9cisionnelle<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0Les tables de dimension en informatique d\u00e9cisionnelle\u00a0\u00bb &#8212; Tutoriels SQL et IT\" src=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/tables-de-dimension-en-informatique\/embed\/#?secret=bXwbYhpoPd#?secret=93KVIpxjcn\" data-secret=\"93KVIpxjcn\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>D\u00e9finition du processus ETL pour Extract, Transform and Load utilis\u00e9 dans les projets d\u00e9cisionnels. En informatique, ETL signifie Extract Transform and Load, en Fran\u00e7ais Extraire Transformer et Charger (ETC). C&rsquo;est un ensemble de processus pour le chargement des bases <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\" title=\"ETL ou Extract Transform and Load\">&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-932","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-concepts"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v26.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>ETL ou Extract Transform and Load - Concepts IT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Definition du processus ETL ou Extract Transform and Load, utilis\u00e9 dans les projets d\u00e9cisionnels pour int\u00e9grer les donn\u00e9es sources.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ETL ou Extract Transform and Load\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definition du processus ETL ou Extract Transform and Load, utilis\u00e9 dans les projets d\u00e9cisionnels pour int\u00e9grer les donn\u00e9es sources.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Tutoriels SQL et IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ExpertOnlyCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-12T05:05:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-02T13:11:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/bulb-FF27E99B3EA_1920x1080.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Expert-Only\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@expert_only\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@expert_only\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Expert-Only\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Expert-Only\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/406a9576b52944f018739a42046873ef\"},\"headline\":\"ETL ou Extract Transform and Load\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-12T05:05:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-02T13:11:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\"},\"wordCount\":1292,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/bulb-FF27E99B3EA_1920x1080.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Concepts IT\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/expert-only.com\/fr\/concepts\/etl-extract-transform-load\/\",\"name\":\"ETL ou Extract Transform and Load - 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